12-5

Notes on 12-5:

Angkor Wat: One of the world's greatest architectural achievements. It's a complex that is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu and is a symbolic mountain. The Khmer used it as an observatory.
 * Bold Words:**

Khmer Empire: Khmer Empire ruled for centuries and was the main power of Southeast Asia mainland which is now Cambodia. They had created an empire by conquered neighboring cities. Koryu Dynasty: Had china's central government and had a civil central system. The society was divided between a landed aristocracy and the rest of the population.
 * Key people:**
 * Key Events:**

- Geography of southeast Asia- • Lies between the Indian and Pacific Ocean and stretches from Asia almost to Australia. • 2 parts: Indochina(the mainland peninsula that borders China to the North and India to the West) and the Islands(Sumatra, Borneo, Java) are in the warm tropical part and have monsoons. • Political power comes from trade routes and harbors. They have the Indian Ocean and the South China sea, which has two waterways that connect the seas; The strait of Malacca, Sunda Strait.
 * Kingdoms of SouthEast Asia:**

-Influence of India and China- • Indian merchant ships arrived in Southeast Asia and brought Hinduism and Buddhism missionaries who spread their faith. • Chinese ideas spread southward in the region through migration and trade and had some political influences by demanding tribute from local rulers.

-The Khmer Empire- • They ruled for centuries and created a prosperous empire by their elaborate waterways and irrigation systems which allowed them to grow 3 to 4 crops of rice a year. • Angkor(capital) is where the Angkor Wat is.

- Island Trading Kingdoms- • Sailendra dynasty- ruled an agricultural kingdom on Java. They kings of Sailendra made the Buddha temple at Borobudur • The Sailendra Dynasty was later taken over by the empire of Srivijaya. Srivijaya ruled the Straight of Malacca and other waters. It grew wealthy by taking the trades that passed through the waters. • Palembang (Srivijaja capital on Sumatra) became a place where Chinese monks could study Buddhism instead of traveling to India.

-Dai Viet- • Dai Viet was vietnam and ruled under Chinese domination but when China's Tang Dynasty weakened, Vietnam managed to break away and become Dai Viet. • Vietnamese believed in buddhism but also in independence. • The Ly Dynasty's capital was at Hanoi, on the Red River Delta. They established a strong central government, encouraged agriculture and trade, and greatly improved road and river transportation.

• Koreans developed their own Indian traditions, and believed in some chinese influences but did come up with their own rules to fit their needs.
 * Korean Dynasties**

- Geography of Korea- • Korea is on a peninsula that juts out from Asian mainland and Japan thats Hot in the summer and cold in the winter, isolated because of the mountains that surround it, has very little farmland.

-Early History- • Han conquered most of Korea and established a military government there. • During Han's rule Korea split up into federalists which developed into three rival kingdoms. The Silla kingdom defeated the other kingdoms, drove out the Chinese and controlled all of the Korea Peninsula. • Silla's rule built buddhist monasteries, produced stone and bronze sculptures, created a writing system that still contained Chinese characters but added Korea Phonetically.

-The Koryu Dynasty- • Wang Kon gained control of the country and became king instead of Silla he named the new dynasty Koryu Dynasty. • The mongol came in Korea and demanded clothes, children for slaves, and horses from the Koryu Dynasty. In 1360 the Mongol period collapsed. • A group of scholar- officials and military leaders overthrew the Koryu Dynasty and established a new dynasty called the Choson.

-Koryu Culture- • Koryn influenced Korean culture by celadon pottery, printing all the buddhist sculptures on wooden sculptures. The mongol's destroyed many of the wooden sculptures.